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{{Infobox Automobile
|image=[[Image:xj13 front.JPG|250px|1966 Jaguar XJ13]]
|name=Jaguar XJ13
|manufacturer=[[Jaguar Cars]]
|production=1966<br/>1 produced
|class=[[Race car]]
|body_style=[[Roadster]]
|engine=5.0&nbsp;L DOHC [[V12]]
|successor=[[Jaguar E-type|Jaguar "Group 44" V12 E-Type]]
|predecessor=[[Jaguar D-Type]]
}}

The '''Jaguar XJ13''' was a prototype racing car developed by Jaguar to challenge at [[Le Mans]] in the mid-1960s.

It never raced, and only one was ever produced.  The car has not been valued, but a £7 million bid for it was declined by the owners.<ref>[http://driving.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,12389-2380889,00.html The finest Jaguar that never was - Times Online<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>

==Development==
Jaguar had considered the manufacture of a V12 engine as far back as 1955, initially for racing purposes, and then developing a road going version, unlike the XK which was designed as a production engine and later pressed into service for racing. The engine design was essentially two XK 6-cylinder engines on a common crankshaft with an aluminium cylinder block, although there were differences in the inlet porting, valve angles and combustion chamber shape. The first engine ran in 1964.

The idea of a mid-engined prototype was first mooted in 1960, but it was not until 1965 that construction began, with the first car running by March 1966. The aluminium body was designed by [[Malcolm Sayer]], the aerodynamicist responsible for the Jaguar [[Jaguar C-Type|C-type]], [[Jaguar D-Type|D-type]], [[Jaguar E-Type|E-type]] and [[Jaguar XJS|XJS]], who used his [[Bristol Aeroplane Company]] background to build it using techniques borrowed from the aircraft industry.

The XJ13 had [[MR layout|mid-engine]] format with the 5.0 litre [[V12]] engine mounted behind the driver, used as a stressed chassis member together with the five-speed manual ZF [[Transaxle]] driving the rear wheels.

The front suspension wishbones were similar to that of the E-Type, however where the E-Type used longitudinal torsion bars, the XJ13 had more conventional coil spring/damper units. At the rear there again remained similarities with the E-Type - the use of driveshafts as upper transverse links - however the rest was quite different, with two long radius arms per side angling back from the central body tub together with lower links.

The development of the XJ13, although treated seriously by the designers, was never a priority for company management (despite assistant MD [[Lofty England|Lofty England's]] [[24 Hours of Le Mans|Le Mans]] success in the 1950s), and became less so following the 1966 merger with [[British Motor Corporation|BMC]]. By that time [[Ford]] had developed the 7.0 litre [[Ford GT40|GT40]], and so the XJ13 was considered obsolete by the time the prototype was complete. The prototype was tested at [[Motor Industry Research Association|MIRA]] and at Silverstone, which confirmed that it would have required considerable development to make it competitive. The prototype was put into storage and no further examples were made.

==Launch of Series 3 E-Type==
In 1971 the [[Jaguar E-Type#Series_3_.281971-1974.29|Series 3 E-type]] was about to be launched with [[Jaguar V12 engine|Jaguar's first production V12 engine]]. The publicity team wanted a shot of the XJ13 at speed for the opening sequence of the film launching the V12 E-Type. On 21 January 1971, the XJ13 was taken to [[Motor Industry Research Association|MIRA]] for the filming with Jaguar test driver Norman Dewis at the wheel.  Unfortunately, the magnesium wheels had suffered from internal corrosion and one disintegrated at speed, the car rolled heavily and was nearly destroyed although Norman Dewis was fortunately unharmed. The wreck of the car was put back into storage.

Some years later, the car was rebuilt, to a specification similar to the original, using the body jigs made for its original construction. The car is now displayed in the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust collection.

==Gallery==
<gallery>
Image:xj13_front.JPG
Image:xj13_rear.JPG
Image:XJ13.jpg
Image:XJ13_engine.JPG
Image:XJ13_interior.JPG
</gallery>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.jaguar-enthusiasts.org.uk/jaguar-xj13.html XJ13 page at the Surrey Jaguar Enthusiasts Club]
* [http://www.jdht.com/jdht_collection/1966JAGUARXJ13.html XJ13 page at the Jaguar Daimler Heritage Trust]
* [http://driving.timesonline.co.uk/article/0,,12389-2380889,00.html The finest Jaguar that never was] Andrew Frankel of the Sunday Times tests the Jaguar XJ13

==See also==

{{Jaguar}}

[[Category:Jaguar vehicles|XJ13]]
[[Category:Sports cars]]
[[Category:Vehicles introduced in 1966]]
[[Category:One-off automobiles]]
[[Category:Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel drive vehicles]]